Varicose veins - This is the expansion of the veins under the skin with a diameter of more than 3 mm.Varicose veins due to the operation of veins and weaknesses of the venous wall;At the same time, the blood flow out of the lower limbs, increased pressure inside the vein, which can lead to chronic veins.
Sometimes, telanggiectasia and retinal veins are mistaken for different opening.
These are diameter veins 3 mm and less, they do not affect vein flow, but cause clear cosmetic defects.
What is the circulation rate of varicose veins?
The varicose veins of the skin veins are present at 30 % of women and 15 % of men of adulthood.The incidence of varicose veins of the lower limbs increases significantly with age and is present in most people over 60 years old.The percentage of patients with spoils of adulthood is only 1.8%, while in old age, the index reaches 20%.At the same time, every fifth patient in life faces thrombosis.Among the reasons for defects, the ratio of disabled veins is not only arteries.
The main risk factors for the development of varicose veins are:
- Age
- Female gender
- pregnant
- Hormonal disorders
- Positive family history
Additional risk factors:
- Smoke
- Artery hypertension
- constipation
Documents about additional risk factors are contradictory.Moreover, the risk of developing venous diseases is low.
How to manifest varicose veins?
The most frequent manifestation is the irregular venous veins protruding on the surface.In some cases, they may almost not be noticed or identified just by touching, in others, they have a crooked form with the formation of buttons or appearance like a large group of grapes.
Usually varicose veins are accompanied by the following symptoms:
- Feeling and stress in the legs
- Pain and//or pain along the vein
- Fast fatigue
- Itchy skin
The disease can rarely cause relentless vacuum syndrome and night cramps.
What are the dangers of the progression of varicose veins?
In case of uncontrolled treatment, the progression of varicose veins can lead to chronic veins (CVN).The presence of HVN shows a serious violation of the return of lymphatic veins (C3-C6 clinical classes classifying CEAP), including: chronic edema (lymphatic), skin color change (hyperpigmentation), intravenous eczema, skin compression, intravenous ulcer.
What are complications of varicose veins?
Thromboflebitis-formation of thrombosis in the surface vein system is an event facing 20% of patients with varicose veins.Such thrombosis is accompanied by severe pain, redness of the skin, sealing along the veins at the lower leg and/or thighs.In case of uncontrolled, blood mass volume can reach a deep vein system.
Deep vein thrombosis (TGV) - In most cases, the beginning of the process is asymptomatic.When the thrombosis is spreading to the femoral and veins of the pelvis, the main blood flow from the lower limbs is disturbed, accompanied by serious edema and pain syndrome and is considered a life -threatening situation.
Tromboembolism of pulmonary arteries (Tela) - In 10% of cases, the mass of thrombosis in the deep veins of the lower limbs fragmented and moving to the pulmonary arteries with blood flow, causing death.
What is necessary for accurate diagnosis?
With the variety of venous diseases, all details of the disease's development history and the life expectancy of the patient, the presence of simultaneous diseases, transactions, the results of the doctor's external examination and the most important thing are ultrasound, ultrasound, diagnosis accurate.The latter, today, is the most accurate and incorrect method to study the veins of the lower limbs.
Treatment of varicose veins, the most common methods:
- The drug-vanin treatment has proven their effectiveness in reducing varicose veins, but they cannot remove varicose veins themselves.Pharmacy is successfully used to prevent complications in risk groups, preparation for surgery and rehabilitation after surgery.
- Compressive treatment - Wearing special medical knitting goods in the form of golf, drop, tight pants.In some cases, multi -layer ice with elastic ice of different extensions and hardware pneumo compressed.The role of compression treatment is difficult to appreciate too much, it is present in almost every stage of prevention and treatment of chronic veins.
- Introducing the hearts of the veins of drugs that can cause door closure.This method is a gold standard to eliminate retinal veins.It is successfully used in the treatment of venous veins that are not large in diameter and have limitations in eliminating pathological blood flow of the main skin veins.
- Classic activities - PhleeBectomy combined, in modern performance is carried out on the basis of outpatient patients under spinal or local anesthesia.In some cases, this is the only feasibility way when the target veins are very convincing and/or have a high extension.However, this method is inferior to endo blood vessel injury procedures.
- Endo intravenous laser prison - A method of treating varicose veins, in which veins are not removed, but is closed from the inside with the energy of the laser radiation, which is taken directly to the wholesale ships with fibers.The effectiveness of the procedure is equivalent to venous removal surgery results, and it is characterized by a minimum injury.The recovery time is 1-3 days.
- Radio frequency prison - A progressive way to eliminate pathological blood flow of the veins under the skin.This is a completely outpatient procedure carried out according to local anesthesia.The effectiveness of treatment corresponds to the classic phlebectomy removal level, pain syndrome is minimal or absent.Recovery time is 1-2 days.